tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experimenttennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment

These both support my prediction and show that my prediction was correct. Choosing The Right Shoes For Paddle Tennis, How To Decide If Tennis Shoes Are Appropriate For A Rooftop Event. The more KE that the ball possessed as it hit the floor, the more that was transferred into elastic potential energy and back into KE. The first independent variable that will be tested. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. Please enter a search term in the text box. Make a line graph of your data. Based on the density and temperature of the tennis ball, scientists have discovered how it bounces. Science Buddies Staff. This is why you should have seen that when you bounced the basketball on a relatively hard surface it bounced higher (it lost less energy) compared with when it was bounced on a softer surface . Try comparing two days with different atmospheric pressure. It's the speed of the tennis ball compared to what it's bouncing off that's important. Its not just a game for the wealthy; its also a game for everyone. The colder, the lower the ball bounces, and vice versa. Does the weather make a difference? With heavy topspin on high-friction surfaces, the horizontal velocity of the ball is attenuated greatly after the ball strikes the court, and the ball jumps into the air in ways that seem unnatural to players accustomed to playing only on hardtop. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. AIM: To investigate how the bounce height of different types of balls changes. One of the hunks of information we found was It might be a good idea for students to experiment with a variety of balls to determine which one is most effective. For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. "Balls Bouncing Off of Surfaces.". Concrete will help bounce a ball the highest as it's hard and concur, which was catching the small balls. What material makes a ball bounce higher? Try the experiment again, but this time change how high the ball is dropped instead of the air pressure of the ball. Equipment/materials used: For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. We use cookies and those of third party providers to deliver the best possible web experience and to compile statistics. quicker and on time before they dropped back down. The balls finish up with the same amount of energy and the only energy given out is thermal energy. The reliability of our experiment wasn't so strong. ball bounced 6 inches. is well-inflated and made of rubber which would give it more kinetic energy and The drop weight then bounces off the ball with 68-77 percent of its incident speed (46-59% of its incident energy). (Image by Harold E. "Doc" Edgerton), http://www.exploratorium.edu/sports/ball_bounces/index.html, http://www.exploratorium.edu/baseball/bouncing_balls.html, Playing the Angles: The Physics of Balls Bouncing Off of Surfaces. Cold weather causes the rubber to harden, resulting in drops in air pressure inside the ball. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing. The bounce of a cold superball is shorter than that of a warm superball. Why does Rafael Nadal do so well on the clay? In my science fair experiment, the golf ball overall was the ball that bounced the highest. Does a tennis ball bounce differently on different surfaces? To a wider range of results i.e. The higher the height from which the ball was dropped from, the higher the height to which it bounced. Hypothesis: if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball This is impossible. Air is pumped into the ball and causes it to bounce. old and new tennis balls (different surface textures/ages). This was when the ball was falling in air. You can stay in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the evenings or on a court with lighting. You may print and distribute up to 200 copies of this document annually, at no charge, for personal and classroom educational use. This did not happen in my experiment however. As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. The surface onto which the ball is dropped will affect the height to which the ball bounces because for any two objects that collide, the properties of both determine the percentage of the kinetic energy either possesses approaching the collision that is conserved subsequent to the collision taking place (Coefficient to restitution) discounting the effects of air resistance. 1 tennis ball 1 golf ball. The surface onto which the ball is dropped upon will be kept the same. B. When a bouncing ball falls, it initially gains speed or kinetic energythe energy of motion. The impact duration was between 65 and 71 ms. For the higher heights the distance from h1 to h2 was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h1 to h2 to accurately in a short amount of time. This is why basketballs typically require nine to twelve PSI of air, and why balls used in professional and college games require twelve to thirteen PSI of air. Drag is a squared function of velocity and therefore as the ball drops drag increases a greater amount each second. Each of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis. Let the ball bounce until it stops, and then stop recording. Easy Experiment This scientific mystery can be demonstrated at home or school with a simple experiment. stay constant, results in an increase in m g h, stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h, The surface onto which the ball is dropped will affect the height to which the ball bounces because for any two objects that collide, the properties of both determine the percentage of the kinetic energy either possesses approaching the collision that is conserved subsequent to the collision taking place (Coefficient to restitution) discounting the effects of air resistance. This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). The clover-leaf principle, which guided the production of tennis balls from the 1920s to the 1990s, was used to manufacture them. Balls bounce in ways that are affected by gravity. This therefore provides accurate and reliable results. When it hits the ground, the bottom of the ball becomes flat against the floor. Section II: Hypothesis. Science Buddies Staff. Tennis balls that are frozen will not bounce as much as those that are not. The balls finish up with the same amount of energy and the only energy given out is thermal energy. Doherty, P., 1991. All rights reserved. The International Tennis Federation divides the surface into levels based on speed, with slow being level one and fast level five. Once the drag force equals the gravitational force all forces are equal and acceleration stops. We then bounced the balls on the surfaces and, measured the heights. Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Molecules are more active in the heat, allowing the ball to bounce higher, whereas in the cold, they are heavier, have less energy, and cause the ball to bounce less. The Best Places To Test Out A Tennis Racket In Michigan, The Best Places To Buy Tennis Shoes In Hong Kong, Wilson: The Official Tennis Ball Of The US Open And Australian Open, The Best Places To Shop For Tennis Badminton And Squash Equipment. Balls change shape during play. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Steel balls bounce higher than rubber balls. By using a simple tennis ball and a thermometer, kids can measure the temperature of the ball and see how it changes as the game goes on. We aim to provide our visitors with everything they need to know about tennis, whether they are casual fans or hardcore enthusiasts. energy a surface absorbs, the more of it will remain for a ball to bounce. This causes thermal energy to be given off. Therefore the height that it reaches is less high. You may print and distribute up to 200 copies of this document annually, at no charge, for personal and classroom educational use. The Physics of Grass, Clay, and Cement. This means that if a heavier ball is to be used then it will need to be dropped from higher to reach its terminal velocity. Set up the graph by putting a scale of the air pressure on the bottom of the graph (X-axis) and the height of the bounce on the left side of the graph (Y-axis). How can you measure the height a ball bounces? composition so it was higher up in the air, with this we were able to catch the balls Experiment 2 is for testing the effect of air pressure. It is important to let the ball fall out of your hands, and not to push it down with your hands, wrists, or arms. However, it was the basketball It will be vinyl tiling. Do different kinds of balls bounce differently? Some of the kinetic energy of the ball is lost during the collision with the floor and the ball will not return to the original height. were able to construct a successful experiment. Cold balls tend to have a bouncier texture. Ball trial 1 trail 2 trial 3 average You can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball up. According to the USTA regulations ball is tested for bounce by dropping it from a height of 100 inches (2.54 m) onto ; a bounce between 53 and 58 inches (1.3462 - 1.4732 m) is acceptable. Although catching small balls was an issue, we solved it by getting our better Make a note of which one bounces up higher and how high they bounce! it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. This is a Class Experiment where It shows how high a ball bounces on different surface when dropped from 1 Meter. This would eliminate parallax error further. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. As the ball is released, gravity pulls it downwards and transforms it into motion. Find a clear space to work in. This is because the higher the starting height of the ball, the higher the ball's potential energy. The average variation between results was 3cm. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". on different types of surfaces, then recorded the height of the bounce. Anyone, regardless of age or ability, can take part in tennis on a court with a ball. It was more reliable to use the middle three results as it automatically discounted any anomalies; assuming two similar anomalies were recorded for one height, if they were then they both would be discounted. Therefore the results are valid. Our Experts won't do the work for you, but they will make suggestions, offer guidance, and help you troubleshoot. (2020, November 20). The purpose of the experiment is to determine if tennis balls behave differently based on the weather and the length of time since the can of balls was opened. The Graph on page 23 shows that all of the results were very close together. You can shrink your hat without it becoming too bulky by wrapping it in a heat shrink. Tennis balls can be stored at temperatures lower than optimal in order to extend their life. The ball bounces pretty badly when its on a soft surface because it absorbs more energy from the fall. For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. Why do balls bounce higher on different surfaces? During the research fraction of the experiment, it was Method:The apparatus will be set up as shown: H is the height of the ball before it is dropped. But how does concrete . The higher the air pressure the more air particles per cubic meter. Keep releasing pressure and repeating the experiment until the ball no longer bounces. All of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results. Try bouncing different kinds of balls to test this question. During the preliminary experiment it was established that time was not an important factor that had to be taken into account when deciding how many different heights to drop the ball from and the interval between those heights. The steel snaps back more quickly when it hits the ground. The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the . Take a ball and place it on the 150 cm line and drop it. Balls are not round. It therefore hits more air particles each second and so the force of drag is bigger the faster the ball goes. : an American History (Eric Foner), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), 4-3 Assignment Project Management Strategies. Is it a straight line? Therefore any change to the weight of the ball will affect the energy the ball has initially, which, as previously stated, affects the height to which the ball bounces. Therefore, our hypothesis was refuted by our final results. The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. 15 inches, and the golf ball bounced 26 inches. The harder the court surface is, the higher the rebounded ball will be. Record the new pressure reading in your data table and repeat steps 4 and 5. Therefore the height the ball bounces will be proportional to the height that the ball is dropped from up to a certain point, where the ball begins to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. For a squash ball, f might be less than 0.5 or 0.25 - squash balls are not very bouncy. Please enter a search term in the text box. will be from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Warm up the ball before it is used to increase its bounce. less air resistance. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Concrete4. Tennis balls are more likely to bounce on grass. Try comparing a hot day to a cold day. Write each measurement in the data table. Why do golf balls bounce so high on concrete? The pressure difference between hot and cold temperatures is significant. Why does a tennis ball bounce higher on concrete? The ball shoots up with less energy because of this. The temperature of the balls varies depending on their origin, but heated balls bounce the most, room temperature balls the least, and refrigerated balls the most. Use the pressure gauge to release some of the air pressure from the ball. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. the "bouncing balls" experiment. energy a surface absorbs, the more of it will remain for a ball to bounce. If the KE is the same as they hit the ground the energy stored in the ball as elastic potential energy will be the same also. This means that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. The bounce should be between 53 and 58 inches. Hard court tennis demands a lot from your joints! This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. Repeat the process three times with the same ball and record results. It should be tall enough to hang up behind your ladder, about 5feet tall.

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